Abstract
Penurunan muka tanah menjadi salah satu masalah di kota-kota pesisir delta di dunia, seperti Jakarta. Di kota ini, penurunan tanah sudah merata di seluruh wilayah. Berbagai faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah dapat menimbulkan dampak secara ekologi, ekonomi, maupun sosial. Dampak yang terjadi umumnya berupa retaknya bangunan dan perluasan banjir. Oleh karena itu, kami perlu melakukan pengukuran dan pemantauan secara cepat dan berkala. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) ialah metode yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi besaran nilai penurunan muka tanah di daerah perkotaan. Metode ini mampu menghasilkan gambar SAR dari distribusi ribuan titik pantau identifikasi faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah di Jakarta. Hasil PS-InSAR terdeteksi nilai laju penurunan muka tanah rata-rata sebesar -5,71 cm/tahun, yang dominan berada di wilayah Jakarta Utara dan Jakarta Barat. Terdapat beberapa faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah, kami melakukan analisis faktor ini menggunakan metode MICMAC (Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification). Metode ini membantu mengidentifikasi hubungan dan relevansi antar faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah. Hasil metode ini menunjukkan bahwa eksploitasi air tanah berlebihan dan konsolidasi alami tanah aluvial sebagai faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terjadinya penurunan muka tanah di wilayah Jakarta. Abstract Land subsidence is one of the problems in delta coastal cities in the world, such as Jakarta. In this city, land subsidence has been evenly distributed throughout the region. Various factors causing land subsidence can have ecological, economic, and social impacts. The impacts that occur generally include the cracking of buildings and the expansion of flooding. Therefore, we need to carry out measurements and monitoring quickly and regularly. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) is a method used to detect the magnitude of land subsidence in urban areas. This method is capable of producing SAR images from the distribution of thousands of monitoring points to identify factors causing land subsidence in Jakarta. PS-InSAR results detected an average land subsidence rate of -5.71 cm/year, which was dominant in the North Jakarta and West Jakarta areas. Several factors cause land subsidence, we analyzed these factors using the MICMAC (Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification) method. This method helps identify the relationship and relevance between factors causing land subsidence. The results of this method produce excessive groundwater exploitation and natural consolidation of alluvial soil as factors that have a significant influence on land subsidence in the Jakarta area.
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