Combined Impact of Traditional and Non-traditional Healthy Behaviors on Frailty and Disability: A Prospective Cohort Study in Older Adults (P01-033-19)

Abstract

ObjectivesTo assess the short- and long-term association of three traditional healthy behaviors (not smoking, vigorous/moderate physical activity, and healthy diet) and three non-traditional healthy behaviors (adequate sleeping duration, non-sedentariness, and daily social interaction) with incident frailty and disability. MethodsA prospective population-based study of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥60 in Spain, selected by stratified clustered multistage sampling. In 2001, data from 4008 participants were collected. A home interview and a physical examination were conducted. Participants were followed up until 2003, when a short-term phone interview of the remaining 3235 individuals was performed. Then, the participants were followed up until 2009, when a long-term phone interview was conducted with 1309 participants. Self-reported traditional and non-traditional healthy behaviors were collected at baseline. Frailty and four domains of disability were assessed at baseline and at follow-ups: the limitation for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), the Restriction in Daily Activities (RDA), the limitation in mobility, and the limitation for self-care activities. ResultsIn the short-term analyses, the Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Interval) for frailty in participants reporting vigorous/moderate physical activity and non-sedentariness were 0.55 (0.35–0.85) and 0.43 (0.26–0.72), respectively. The ORs (95% CI) for limitations of IADL for participants with vigorous/moderate physical activity and adequate sleeping were 0.63 (0.44–0.91) and 0.69 (0.53–0.89); and for limitations for self-care activities were 0.62 (0.41–0.92) and 0.65 (0.45–0.94). The ORs (95% CI) for RDA in participants with adequate sleeping duration and non-sedentariness were 0.67 (0.49–0.90) and 0.57 (0.36–0.91). In the long-term analyses, we found similar results for the main analyses. Participants who scored 5 in the combined traditional and non-traditional healthy behaviors score also had a lower risk of both frailty and disability. ConclusionsTraditional and non-traditional healthy behaviors as well as, the combination of them, are associated with lower risk of frailty and disability. Funding SourcesThis work was funded by FIS grant 09/1626 and by the ‘Cátedra UAM de Epidemiología y Control del Riesgo Cardiovascular’ [University Autónoma de Madrid Chair in Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Risk Control].