Abstract
Battery manufacturing and recycling are expensive; combined heat and power (CHP) units are optimal for residential premises. CHP units can enhance energy efficiency and reduce energy costs, but appropriately sized units must be chosen. Here, we optimize CHP unit sizing to minimize the energy costs of residential areas. Sizing is based on both the electricity and heat loads; it is possible to optimally rate the various types of CHP units. We compare an artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization method to a genetic algorithm (GA) when various strategies are adopted. Electricity and heat loads are considered together when sizing CHP units and optimizing costs using the ABC algorithm and the GA. The optimization outcomes are compared to a base case; the ABC method performs better than the GA. The average daily energy cost savings possible using the ABC method were higher for all three seasons (by 25.9, 4.4, and 10.8% respectively) compared to those possible when residential premises lacked CHP units.
Highlights
Various methods have been used for combined heat and power (CHP) system sizing, including a maximum rectangle (MR) method; genetic algorithm (GA); linear programming (LP); dynamic programming (DP); model predictive control (MPC); and nonlinear programming (NLP)
(2) When the the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was used for CHP unit sizing with the heat demand as the sizing criterion, the cost:benefit ratios were always better than those afforded by the GA because the ABC algorithm selects a CHP unit rating that fulfils most load demands imposed over the entire year
When selecting the final solution, we considered the average of 10 optimizations; 5 or even 3 optimizations may be adequate if the variations in random numbers are negligible
Summary
Combined heat and power (CHP) units are valuable in that their carbon emissions are very low, in addition to other features that render them superior to other energy-generation units [1]. The output efficiencies of CHP units are significantly higher and the emissions are much lower than those of other devices [2]. Was shown that the cost of CHP units is decreasing [5]. CHP units with kW ratings are being installed in residential areas. Optimal sizing of distributed energy resources (DERs), residential energy hubs, and energy plants is crucial.
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