Combined Genomic, Transcriptomic, Proteomic, and Physiological Characterization of the Growth of Pecoramyces sp. F1 in Monoculture and Co-culture With a Syntrophic Methanogen.

Yuanfei Li,Isaac Cann,Wei Jin,Weiyun Zhu,Thomas J Sharpton,Roderick I Mackie,Yanfen Cheng,Yuqi Li

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00435

Abstract

In this study, the effects of a syntrophic methanogen on the growth of Pecoramyces sp. F1 was investigated by characterizing fermentation profiles, as well as functional genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analysis. The estimated genome size, GC content, and protein coding regions of strain F1 are 106.83 Mb, 16.07%, and 23.54%, respectively. Comparison of the fungal monoculture with the methanogen co-culture demonstrated that during the fermentation of glucose, the co-culture initially expressed and then down-regulated a large number of genes encoding both enzymes involved in intermediate metabolism and plant cell wall degradation. However, the number of up-regulated proteins doubled at the late-growth stage in the co-culture. In addition, we provide a mechanistic understanding of the metabolism of this fungus in co-culture with a syntrophic methanogen. Further experiments are needed to explore this interaction during degradation of more complex plant cell wall substrates.

Highlights

In the rumen, microorganisms, which are mainly composed of anaerobic fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protozoa, have coevolved for millions of years, making the rumen one of the most effective and highly evolved systems regarding degradation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic plant material in nature (Russell and Rychlik, 2001; Weimer et al, 2009)
By combining the foregoing analysis with the anaerobic fungal proteome dynamics and analysis of the metabolites induced by growth with the methanogen, we reveal the effects of the archaeon on the metabolism of the anaerobic fungus
The anaerobic fungus in the present study was isolated in coculture with the methanogen, M. thaueri and the results were published by Jin et al (2011)

Summary

Introduction

Microorganisms, which are mainly composed of anaerobic fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protozoa, have coevolved for millions of years, making the rumen one of the most effective and highly evolved systems regarding degradation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic plant material in nature (Russell and Rychlik, 2001; Weimer et al, 2009). Within this system, the diverse microbial communities cooperate efficiently in the digestion and conversion of plant biomass in feeds to various compounds crucial for body maintenance and performance (Kim et al, 2011; Mao et al, 2016). Trophic interactions exist between the methanogenic archaea and the hydrogen-producing microorganisms that includes both anaerobic fungi and bacteria

Methods

Results

Conclusion