Abstract

This chapter explains concepts related to combined electrostatic focusing and deflection. The idea of combined electrostatic focusing and deflection is, in principle, very attractive for the construction of short TV camera tubes or of tubes in which small deflection angles are needed to give a high linearity of scanning. Instead of using two sets of deflection plates in succession, the line and field deflection is accomplished in the same space. This has been achieved with “deflectron” and using an octupole deflector. However, in both applications, which are all electrostatic, the beam is first focused before it is deflected. The next step is the combination of deflection and focusing in the same space with the same electrodes, and this problem is discussed in this chapter. Although this step looks very logical from a geometrical point of view, it is rather unattractive electron optically because most electrostatic lenses are constructed for one purpose only, the imaging of a point source (such as a crossover) on the axis. The work described in this chapter also demonstrates that electrostatic deflection and focusing with superposed deflection and focusing fields is possible.

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