Combined effects of pesticides on weedines and seed yield of soybean crops

Abstract

Goal. of my study was to investigate the combined effect of pesticides, including seed dressers, post-emergence herbicides, fungicides, biologicals, and plant growth regulators on weediness and soybean yield in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
 Methods. Field, analytical and statistical.
 Results. The weeds in the soybean crops were represented by 15 species. Cockspur (Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Roem et Schult.), yellow foxtail (Setaria glaua (L.) Beauv.), lamb’s quarters (Chenopodium album L.) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) dominated in the soybean crops. In the controls, the dominant position in the soybean crops (in terms of the wet weight of weeds) was occupied by biennial and annual dicotyledonous weeds (56—57% of the total wet weight of weeds). Annual gramineous weeds (37—42%) and perennial dicotyledonous weeds (2—6%) ranked the second and third most spread species. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds increased the competitiveness of soybean plants against weeds. Herbicide composition Tabezon (2.0 l/ ha) + Formula (6 g/ ha) + surfactant Trend 90 (0.2 l/ ha) (primordial leaves) + Lemur (1.5 l/ ha) (biternate/ triternate leaves) significantly reduced the total number of weeds in the soybean crops by 89% and their wet weight by 97%. There was no evidence of significant effects of post-emergence combinations of herbicides with chemical or biological pesticides on the effectiveness of weed control in the soybean crops. Analyzing the soybean seed yield, I revealed that application of herbicides alone in the crops was the most justified.
 Conclusions. Increased competitiveness of soybean plants against weeds on pre-sowing seed treatment has been demonstrated. There was no evidence of significant effects of post-emergence combinations of herbicides with chemical and biological pesticides on the weed control effectiveness. Monoapplication of herbicides was the most justified.