Combined effects of E. Jambolana and C. zeylanicum extract in insulin resistance associated Structural and Functional Hepatic changes in high Fructose-fed rats

Abstract

High fructose (HFr) dietary consumption is linked with insulin resistance (IR) and associated complications are documented in both animals and humans. The present study is to evaluate the combined effects of E. Jambolana and C. zeylanicum extracts in IR associated structural and functional hepatic changes in HFr fed rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly grouped into five (n=6). Group 1 received distilled water as normal control (NC), group 2 received HFr diet (60%w/v) as HFr control and group 3 received metformin (MET 500mg/kg), while group 4 received Jamun seed and cinnamon bark aqueous extracts (JSAE+CBAE 500mg/kg of each) and group 5 received Jamun seed and cinnamon bark ethanolic extracts (JSEE+CBEE 500mg/kg of each) respectively. All the rats except NC, fed with HFr diet for 42 consecutive days and respective treatments were administered orally, from day 28 onwards for the next 14 days while maintaining them on HFr diet. Physical and biochemical parameters such as fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG's), Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) and Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and, Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Liver histopathological studies were accessed for structural changes. HFr fed rats significantly (P<0.05) induced hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, and with impaired glucose tolerance evidenced by β-cell dysfunction and decreased insulin sensitivity (IS) indicates IR. HFr feeding had elevated hepatic markers, oxidative stress, and inflammation, altogether promotes fatty changes liver in IR rats. JSAE+CBAE and JSEE+CBEE groups significantly (P<0.05) reversed the aforementioned metabolic dysregularties and partially reversed fatty liver changes, and these results were comparable to MET. In conclusion, the combined effects of Jamun and cinnamon extracts exert antihyperglycemic, antitriglyceridemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-steatosis properties in HFr fed rats. Thus, it offers a promising value in the management of IR associated hepatic changes.