Combined Effects of Biological and Chemical Treatment on Rice Seed Physiological and Sanitary Quality

Alana Emanoele Pereira,Weliton Lucas Da Silva Benites,Luana De Carvalho Catelan,Ana Paula Silva,Nadia Graciele Krohn

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n15p106

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of integrated biological and chemical control of pathogens in rice seeds and their effects on seed quality. The experiment was conducted in a 2 &times; 5 factorial completely randomized design. Fungicide-treated (carboxin/thiram) and untreated rice seeds were inoculated with distilled water (control), Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, or Trichoderma harzianum. Seed vigor and viability, shoot and root length, and seedling dry weight were determined. The blotter test was carried out to assess seed health. Fungicide treatment improved seed vigor and viability and reduced the incidence of fungi. Biological treatment did not enhance the physiological quality of seeds but was able to control fungi. A. brasilense, B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, and T. harzianum controlled Phoma sorghina; B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, and T. harzianum were effective against Aspergillus flavus; P. fluorescens and T. harzianum controlled Pyricularia oryzae; and T. harzianum was effective against Gerlachia oryzae.

Highlights

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food of great economic and social importance in Brazil and several other countries
We evaluated the physiological quality of fungicide-treated and untreated seeds inoculated with distilled water, A. brasilense, B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, or Trichoderma harzianum
Seed vigor was positively influenced by fungicide treatment (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food of great economic and social importance in Brazil and several other countries. According to data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), world rice production in 2018/2019 will be of 501.57 million tonnes, an increase of approximately 6.2 million tonnes compared to the 2017/2018. The largest rice producing, importing and consuming country is China. India is already the world's largest exporter of the grain. Forecast of world supply and demand for 2018/2019, production of 501.57 million tons, export of 47.37 million tons and inventory versus consumption ratio of 35.00 million tons (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento, 2019). In 2018/2019, the yield of rice in Brazil is estimated to reach 5,994 kg ha-1 (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento, 2018)

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