Abstract
In this paper the combined effect of internal heating and through-flow in a porous medium layer saturated by nanofluid is studied under local thermal nonequilibrium. Free-free isothermal boundaries have been considered for the analysis. The Brinkman model is used for the porous medium. The nanofluid is assumed to be incorporated with the effect of thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The particles, fluid, and solid-matrix are at different temperatures, i.e., a three temperature model has been used for local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE). To investigate the onset of convection and heat/mass transfer both linear and nonlinear stability analysis have been featured. We conclude that the effects of internal heating and through-flow play a vital role in the heat and mass transfer inside the system.
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