Abstract
We examine the effect of magnetic field on boundary layer flow of an incompressible electrically conducting water-based nanofluids past a convectively heated vertical porous plate with Navier slip boundary condition. A suitable similarity transformation is employed to reduce the governing partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically by employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta with a shooting technique. Three different water-based nanofluids containing copper (Cu), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are taken into consideration. Graphical results are presented and discussed quantitatively with respect to the influence of pertinent parameters, such as solid volume fraction of nanoparticles (φ), magnetic field parameter (Ha), buoyancy effect (Gr), Eckert number (Ec), suction/injection parameter (f w), Biot number (Bi), and slip parameter (β), on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, and heat transfer rate.
Highlights
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible fluid with a convective surface boundary condition is frequently encountered in many industrial and technological applications such as extrusion of plastics in the manufacture of Rayon and Nylon, the cooling of reactors, purification of crude oil, textile industry, polymer technology, and metallurgy
Realistic numerical values were assigned to the pertinent parameters in the system in order to gain an insight into the flow structure with respect to velocity, temperature, skin friction, and Nusselt’s number
It is noted that the fluid velocity increases gradually from zero at the plate surface to the free stream prescribed value far away from the plate satisfying the boundary conditions
Summary
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible fluid with a convective surface boundary condition is frequently encountered in many industrial and technological applications such as extrusion of plastics in the manufacture of Rayon and Nylon, the cooling of reactors, purification of crude oil, textile industry, polymer technology, and metallurgy. The simultaneous occurrence of buoyancy and magnetic field forces on fluid flow has been investigated by many researchers [1,2,3,4,5]. In their investigations, all the authors mentioned above assumed the no-slip boundary conditions. More recently, researchers have investigated the flow problem taking slip flow condition at the boundary [6,7,8,9]. With the advent of nanofluids, there has been wide usage of recently discovered smart fluid in many industrial and biomedical applications. Nanofluid concept is employed to designate a fluid in which nanometersized particles are suspended in conventional heat transfer base fluids to improve their thermal physical properties
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