Abstract
In this study, type I collagen was coated onto unmodified and modified microporous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds. Surface characterization using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a surface goniometer confirmed the modification of the BCP coating. The quantity of the collagen coating was investigated using Sirius Red staining, and quantitative assessment of the collagen coating showed no significant differences between the two groups. MG63 cells were used to evaluate cell proliferation and ALP activity on the modified BCP scaffolds. The modified microporous surfaces showed low contact angles and large surface areas, which enhanced cell spreading and proliferation. Coating of the BCP scaffolds with type I collagen led to enhanced cell-material interactions and improved MG63 functions, such as spreading, proliferation, and differentiation. The micropore/collagen-coated scaffold showed the highest rate of cell response. These results indicate that a combination of micropores and collagen enhances cellular function on bioengineered bone allograft tissue.
Highlights
Bone defects, including osteo-degenerative diseases, tumors, bone loss, and fractures, have great socioeconomic impact in disability [1]
In the present in vitro study, we assessed the combined effect of addition of a microporous surface and a type I collagen coating to a biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffold on in vitro cellular behavior, for enhancement of scaffold–osteoblast interactions
For the micropore-modified group, the microporous layer was formed on each strut of the scaffold (Figure 1B) via aggregation of BCP particles
Summary
Bone defects, including osteo-degenerative diseases, tumors, bone loss, and fractures, have great socioeconomic impact in disability [1]. Autografting has several problems, such as limited procurement, potential morbidity at the donor site, and risk of wound infection, which may restrict its popular use [3]. These limitations can be overcome by the application of allografts. Type I collagen, one of the most abundant structural proteins in hard tissues, is a well-known mediator of osteoblast cellular functions, including initial attachment, proliferation, and differentiation [17,18,19]. In the present in vitro study, we assessed the combined effect of addition of a microporous surface and a type I collagen coating to a BCP scaffold on in vitro cellular behavior, for enhancement of scaffold–osteoblast interactions. The experimental groups were as follows: (a) an unmodified BCP scaffold (control); (b) an unmodified scaffold with a microporous surface layer (MP); (c) an unmodified scaffold with a type I collagen coating (COL); (d) a scaffold modified with a microporous surface layer and a type I collagen coating (MP/COL)
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