Abstract
Numerical studies of combined free and forced convection in developing flow through a horizontal concentric annulus of radius ratio 1.3 are reported. A combination of vorticity-stream function and primitive variables formulations has been adopted to retain the advantages of both. Buoyancy generates secondary motions to the main axial flow. The secondary fluid rises along the heated inner rod and comes down along the adiabatic outer shell. With increasing axial distance, the entry effect diminishes, while the buoyancy becomes stronger. Buoyancy distorts the forced flow axial velocity profile. Combined convection Nu is increased over its pure forced convection value, while the increase in f Re is marginal.
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