Abstract
The complexity of the development of extensive air showers makes it extremely difficult to study the nature and the sources of cosmic rays at ultra-high energies. The largest uncertainties are related to the modelling of hadronic interactions in the air shower cascade. The sensitivity to the theoretical description is maximised when measurements in the forward phase-space at accelerators are combined with measurements based on cosmic ray data. So far, this method has never been applied to constrain interaction models. Here, we outline a strategy to find an optimal global description of the underlying physics, ultimately leading to a consistent understanding of astrophysics as well as hadronic interaction physics at ultra-high energies.
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