Combined Active and Reactive Congestion Management with FACTS Devices

Abstract

This article describes the applications of flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices to deal with combined active and reactive congestion management under a deregulated environment. Based on a modified ac optimal power flow model, the study takes into account congestion management under both a pool market model and a bilateral market model with quadratic incremental and decremental bidding curves. The adjusted bidding cost of reactive power and how to coordinate them with FACTS controllers are discussed. All major FACTS devices such as unified, series and shunt controllers are considered by power injection models (PIM). The IEEE 30-bus system is used for numerical studies. The results show that system operators can reduce the cost of congestion management while improving the voltage profile of the system simultaneously by using FACTS devices.