Abstract

A cantilever wall fails by rotation about an axis close to the toe of the wall with an active zone in the soil above the axis of rotation and a passive zone below. This combined active and passive mode of failure is briefly studied theoretically, and detailed experimental data are reported from model tests. The model retaining wall is stiff, relatively smooth and retains a bed of dry sand. The conditions simulate those of plane strain. Observations are made of the magnitude and distribution of the shear and normal stresses on the wall and of the displacements and strains in the sand adjacent to the wall. Different mechanisms of failure are observed for different positions of the axis of rotation, though the distribution of stress on the wall is similar for each. Un mur de soutènement cantilever se rompt par rotation autour d'un axe près du pied du mur avec une zone active dans le sol au-dessus de l'axe de rotation et une zone passive en-dessous. Cette combinaison du mode de rupture actif et passif est étudiée brièvement théoriquement, et des données expérimentales détaillées sont fournies à partir des essais sur modèele. Le mur de soutènement modèle est rigide, relativement lisse, et soutient un lit de sable sec. Les conditions simulent celles de déformation plane. Des observations sont faites sur l'importance et la distribution des contraintes de cisaillement et contraintes normales sur le mur et sur les déplacements et déformations dans le sable adjacent au mur. Diffeérents mécanismes de rupture sont observés pour des positions différentes de l'axe de rotation been que la distribution des contraintes sur le mur soit semblable pour chacun.

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