Combinatorics of Serre weights in the potentially Barsotti–Tate setting

Abstract

Let $F$ be a finite unramified extension of $\mathbb Q\_p$ and $\bar\rho$ be an absolutely irreducible mod~$p$ $2$-dimensional representation of the absolute Galois group of $F$. Let $t$ be a tame inertial type of $F$. We conjecture that the deformation space parametrizing the potentially Barsotti--Tate liftings of $\bar\rho$ having type $t$ depends only on the Kisin variety attached to the situation, enriched with its canonical embedding into $(\mathbb P^1)^f$ and its shape stratification. We give evidences towards this conjecture by proving that the Kisin variety determines the cardinality of the set of common Serre weights $D(t,\bar\rho) = D(t) \cap D(\bar\rho)$. Besides, we prove that this dependance is nondecreasing (the smaller is the Kisin variety, the smaller is the number of common Serre weights) and compatible with products (if the Kisin variety splits as a product, so does the number of weights).