Abstract
Insecticidal plant-based compound(s)in combinations may show synergistic or antagonistic interactions against insect pest. Considering the rapid spread of the Aedes borne diseases and increasing resistance among Aedes population against conventional insecticides, twenty-eight combinations of plant essential oil-based terpene compounds were prepared and tested against larval and adult stages ofAedes aegypti. Initially five plant essential oils (EOs) were assessed for their larvicidal and adulticidal efficacy and two of their major compounds from each EO were identified from GC-MS results. Identified major compounds namely Diallyldisulfide, Diallyltrisulfide, Carvone, Limonene, Eugenol, Methyl Eugenol, Eucalyptol, Eudesmol and α-pinene were purchased and tested individually against A. aegypti. Binary combinations of these compounds were then prepared using sub-lethal doses, tested and their synergistic and antagonistic effects were determined. The best larvicidal compositions were obtained while Limonene was mixed with Diallyldisulfide and the best adulticidal composition was obtained while Carvone was mixed with Limonene. Commercially used synthetic larvicide “Temephos” and adulticide “Malathion” were tested individually and in binary combinations with the terpene compounds. The results revealed that the combination of Temephos and Diallyldisulfide and combination of Malathion and Eudesmol were the most effective combination. These effective combinations bear potential prospect to be used against Aedes aegypti.
Highlights
Presence of different serotypes of viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti makes vaccination programme unsuccessful
The highest larvicidal activity was recorded for the essential oils (EOs) of Mentha piperita (Mp)having LC50 value of 0.42 ppm at 24 h followed by Allium sativum(As) having LC50 value of 16.19 ppm at 24 h (Table 1)
The highest adulticidal efficacy was recorded for the EO of Callistemon linearis (Cl) with LC50 value of 23.37 ppm at 24 h post exposure period followed by Eucalyptus maculata (Em) with LC50 value of 101.91 ppm (Table 1)
Summary
All the selected EO showed potential larvicidal activity with LC50 for 24 h lies between 0.42 to 163.65 ppm against Aedes aegypti. The highest larvicidal activity was recorded for the EO of Mentha piperita (Mp)having LC50 value of 0.42 ppm at 24 h followed by Allium sativum(As) having LC50 value of 16.19 ppm at 24 h (Table 1). Except for the EO of Ocimum sanctum (Os), the rest four selected EO showed clear adulticidal effects with LC50 value lies between 23.37 ppm to 120.16 ppm at 24 h exposure period. The highest adulticidal efficacy was recorded for the EO of Callistemon linearis (Cl) with LC50 value of 23.37 ppm at 24 h post exposure period followed by Eucalyptus maculata (Em) with LC50 value of 101.91 ppm (Table 1). For EO of As, the major compounds identified were Diallyldisulfide and Diallyltrisulfide, Sl
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