Abstract
Container on-site wastewater treatment plants are systems of growing interest in the areas where sewer systems cannot be implemented. In this study, container on-site wastewater treatment plant with low-loaded activated sludge has been examined. The aim of the study was: (i) to assess the efficiency of the plant; and (ii) to evaluate the relationship between the condition of activated sludge and selected parameters of effluent quality. Effluent quality has been characterized by the reliability factor (RF) and technological purity index (TPI). Sludge quality assessment covered measurements of volume (Vo), dry matter (DM), sludge index (SI), and the unit oxygen consumption rate (UOCR). Microscopic analysis has been performed to assess the morphological (flocks) and biotic quality (sludge biotic index, SBI) of activated sludge. The research has been completed by an on-site measurement of dissolved oxygen concentration in an activated sludge chamber with 30 s intervals. Results confirmed a significant (p < 0.05) correlation (CC = −0.9277) between biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and SBI for the oxygen level in the aeration chamber between 1–2 mg/L. Negative significant correlation (p < 0.05) has also been found between SBI and electrical conductivity (EC) (CC = −0.7478). In the examined case, the optimal EC of the effluent was in the range of 600–800 µS/cm.
Highlights
The activated sludge is the most widely used treatment process for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater [1]
The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of an on-site container wastewater
The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of an on-site the container wastewater treatment plant withstudy a low-loaded activated sludge andoftoan evaluate relationship between
Summary
The activated sludge is the most widely used treatment process for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater [1]. Activated sludge treatment processes are difficult to be controlled because of their complex and nonlinear behavior [2]. It is even more difficult in small container plants when the ability to control the technological parameters is limited and possible mainly by adjusting the blower operation. Container wastewater treatment plants available on the EU market have a certificate of compliance with EN 12566-3:2016 [3]. This European Standard applies to plants where all prefabricated components are factory or site-assembled by one manufacturer and which are tested as a whole. The research by Naughton and Hyngs [10]
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