Abstract

Abstract Nowadays, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have received extensive attention for their abundant resources and low price. Some quinone compounds have the advantages of high specific capacity, diverse structures, environmental friendliness and good redox reversibility, are ideal cathode materials. Calix[4]quinone (C4Q) with a high theoretical specific capacity of 446 mA h g−1 is synthesized as cathodes, while it is still puzzled over low conductivity and high dissolution rate in organic electrolytes. In this study, a kind of economical and practical biocarbon-PPL with porous tubular structures is prepared by pyrolysis of Physalis Peruviana L. Calyx to immobilize C4Q in SIBs for the first time. The C4Q/PPL cathode presents an initial capacity of 435 mA h g−1 with stable cyclability (195 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C) and great rate performance (170 mA h g−1 at 1 C).

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