Abstract
This experimental work aims at investigating the effects of milling; sieving; and electrostatic separation on the biochemical methane potential of two olive pomaces from traditional olive oil extraction (M) and from a three-phase system (T). Sieving proved to be efficient for increasing the soluble chemical oxygen demand in the smallest fractions of the sieve of both M (62%) and T (78%) samples. The positive fraction following electrostatic separation also enhanced chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilisation by 94%, in comparison to sample T milled at 4 mm. Sieve fractions with a size greater than 0.9 mm contained 33% and 47% less lipids for the M and T biomasses; respectively. Dry fractionation modified sample properties as well as lipid and fiber distribution. Concomitantly; milling increased the accessibility and facilitated the release of organic matter. The energy balance was positive after knife milling and sieving; while ball milling and ultrafine milling proved to be inefficient.
Highlights
The production of olive oil was estimated at 2,539,000 tons worldwide in 2016 and the EU is the first producer attaining 69% of international production
knife milling at 4 mm (KM4), knife milling at 1 mm (KM1), VBM10, and UFM0.1 samples were obtained after olive pomace (OP) milling with different devices
Two olive pomaces originating from different traditional oil extraction process and
Summary
The production of olive oil was estimated at 2,539,000 tons worldwide in 2016 and the EU is the first producer attaining 69% of international production. Its quantity and quality depend on the extraction process, production, and agricultural conditions. This waste is mainly wet and contains stones, flesh and olive skin and is rich in fibers, in phenols and mineral compounds as well as certain toxic compounds. When olive mill waste is used as an amendment for soil, it supplies degradable organic matter to the soil [2]. It has negative effects on seed germination, plant
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