Abstract
BackgroundChlorhexidine is a widely used disinfectant in clinical settings and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, disinfectant resistant or non-susceptible bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, have been found. This study aimed to develop a new technique to prevent and control A. baumannii infection in the hospital setting.MethodsChlorhexidine combined with minocycline, doxycycline, meropenem, imipenem, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were tested against the 30 multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates. The checkerboard test was used to calculate the fractional inhibitory concentration index according to the minimum inhibitory concentration value for chlorhexidine combined with antibiotics.ResultsThe combination of chlorhexidine with minocycline, doxycycline, meropenem, or ciprofloxacin showed synergistic responses in all clinical isolates, and more than 50% of isolates showed FICI ≤0.5. However, chlorhexidine together with imipenem or levofloxacin showed indifferent responses in 10% and 3.33% clinical isolates, respectively. In all tests, combinations of chlorhexidine with each of the above six antibiotics showed synergistic and additive effects, and inhibited the clinical isolates.ConclusionsWe concluded that, chlorhexidine combined with antibiotics could be used to control the risk of infection with A. baumannii.
Highlights
Chlorhexidine is a bisbiguanide antiseptic, disinfectant and preservative that is effective against a wide range of bacteria, and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that is active against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria [1, 2]
The checkerboard test showed the synergistic effects of biocides combined with antibiotics against the MDR and XDR A. baumannii (Table 1)
A. baumannii clinical isolates have been isolated from sputum samples which frequently lead to pneumonia
Summary
Chlorhexidine is a bisbiguanide antiseptic, disinfectant and preservative that is effective against a wide range of bacteria, and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that is active against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria [1, 2]. It is widely used in children and adults with an excellent record of safety and efficacy for applications as diverse as hand washing, preoperative skin preparation, vaginal antisepsis, treatment of gingivitis, and body. Chlorhexidine is a widely used disinfectant in clinical settings and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. This study aimed to develop a new technique to prevent and control A. baumannii infection in the hospital setting
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