Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of the death in the United States (U.S.). The National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) is a national, public health practice program funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The NCCCP has been planning and implementing interventions to reduce the burden of cancer since 1998. Interventions are implemented across three areas primary prevention, early detection, and survivorship using health systems and environmental changes to promote sustainable cancer control. The aim of this chapter is to provide a summary of the NCCCP, and highlight specific examples of interventions and successes to aid cancer planning in other countries. Cancer plan analyses show that all NCCCP participant cancer plans address reducing tobacco use for cancer prevention and 98% contain activities to increase colorectal cancer screening. The vast majority implement activities to improve the quality of life following a cancer diagnosis (94%). Relatively fewer cancer plans contain activities to reduce radon exposure (42%), promote human papilloma virus vaccination (62%), and incorporate the use of genomics in cancer control (56%). The examples of NCCCP activities demonstrate success in controlling cancer and other non-communicable diseases through public health practice.
Highlights
While age-adjusted rates of cancer have for the most part decreased in recent years, the actual number of cases diagnosed has increased and is projected to continue to increase in future years, mostly due to the aging of the U.S population [2, 3]
HBV vaccination is currently recommended for all infants, unvaccinated children aged
Many countries are beginning to recognize the importance of comprehensive cancer control and are beginning to design national cancer control programs to improve cancer survival and quality of life through evidence-based strategies [64, 65]
Summary
Cancer is a major public health concern in the United States (U.S.); it is currently the second leading cause of death among U.S men and women after heart disease [1]. Because cancer is a group of diseases with various risk factors and outcomes, it was determined that a more broad-based and coordinated public health approach that incorporated risk reduction, early detection and post-diagnosis care may be necessary to address cancer in the U.S As such, in 1998, CDC established the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP), which provides funding to state and local health departments throughout the United States for the formation of a coalition of public health practitioners, clinicians, academicians, and other key stakeholders residing in or administering to that population [7]. The NCCCP brings together an extremely diverse set of U.S state, tribal, and territorial participants under one national umbrella program As such, it serves as a rich resource for the global incorporation of cancer control measures across myriad populations with different structures and challenges. Those doing non-communicable disease planning, as many risk factors for cancer are shared with other non-communicable diseases [12]
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