Abstract
Goldfish were trained to discriminate between blue, green, and red painted panels, which varied greatly in brightness. The stimuli were chosen in such a way that the discriminations could not be solved in terms of brightness. All the discriminations were easily learnt by the fish, in spite of the large brightness differences. The results also suggest that the goldfish has a preference for blue, since the blue-green discrimination was learnt significantly faster when blue was the positive stimulus than when green was the positive stimulus. The results are considered in relation to previous physiological and behavioural work on this species. The finding that green can be discriminated from both blue and red shows that colour vision must be at least trichromatic in this species.
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