Abstract
Abstract Sensors, biosensors, lateral flow immunoassays, portable thin-layer chromatography and similar devices for hand-held assay are tools suitable for field or out of laboratories assays of various analytes. The assays frequently exert a limit of detection and sensitivity close to more expensive and elaborative analytical methods. In recent years, huge progress has been made in the field of optical instruments where digital cameras or light sensitive chips serve for the measurement of color density. General availability of cameras, a decrease of prices and their integration into wide spectrum phones, tablets and computers give the promise of easy application of analytical methods where such cameras will be employed. This review summarizes research on hand-held assays where small cameras like the ones integrated into smartphones are used. Discussion about such assays, their practical applicability and relevant specifications are also written here.
Highlights
Gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are standard separation analytical methods that can be further combined with simple physical detectors or mass spectrometry and these methods have applicability for the measurement of a wide number of analytes, from simple inorganic or organic compounds to sized macromolecules of biological origin [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
This review summarizes research on hand-held assays where small cameras like the ones integrated into smartphones are used
Digital camera based analytical devices appear to be promising for current praxis and would meet demands from various laboratories including clinical, control of manufacturing processes, assay of pollutants, hygienic control etc
Summary
Gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are standard separation analytical methods that can be further combined with simple physical detectors. This review is focused on the recent progress on hand-held assays like sensors, biosensors, lateral flow immunoassays, portable thin-layer chromatography and similar devices using small digital camera for output signal measurement. The hand-held assays are not direct competitors to the aforementioned standard analytical methods but they can support their findings, verify them, and they can work in field and harsh conditions and represent a cheap and easy to perform type of assay. Colorimetric hand-held sensors and biosensors with a small digital camera as signal recorder, a review 21 of hand-held assays with digital camera as the output. The expected direction of the research in this field is extrapolated from the knowledge of the current literature
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