Abstract
BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the most diagnosed cancer among males and third among females in Saudi Arabia, with up to two-third diagnosed at advanced stage. The objective of our study was to estimate CRC survival and determine prognostic factors.MethodsMinistry of National Guard- Health Affairs (MNG-HA) registry data was utilized to identify patients diagnosed with CRC between 2009 and 2017. Cases were followed until December 30th, 2017 to assess their one-, three-, and five-year CRC-specific survivals. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival from CRC.ResultsA total of 1012 CRC patients were diagnosed during 2009–2017. Nearly, one-fourth of the patients presented with rectal tumor, 42.89% with left colon and 33.41% of the cases were diagnosed at distant metastasis stage. The overall one-, three-, and five-year survival were 83, 65 and 52.0%, respectively. The five-year survival was 79.85% for localized stage, 63.25% for regional stage and 20.31% for distant metastasis. Multivariate analyses showed that age, diagnosis period, stage, nationality, basis of diagnosis, morphology and location of tumor were associated with survival.ConclusionsFindings reveal poor survival compared to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) population. Diagnoses at late stage and no surgical and/or perioperative chemotherapy were associated with increased risk of death. Population-based screening in this population should be considered.
Highlights
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer with more than 1.9 million new cases were diagnosed in 2020 [1]
Findings reveal poor survival compared to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) population
Diagnoses at late stage and no surgical and/or perioperative chemotherapy were associated with increased risk of death
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer with more than 1.9 million new cases were diagnosed in 2020 [1]. The declining mortality rates in developed countries pertain to a combination of early detection efforts, where CRC is diagnosed at early curable stage, and effective treatments. The increasing mortality rates in developing countries that coincide with increasing incidence reflects increased prevalence of CRC risk factors, lack of screening at the population level, and treatment of cases most likely presented with advance diseases [1,2,3,4]. In Saudi Arabia, CRC is the most common cancer in Saudi males and the third among Saudi females [5, 6], with an age standardized incidence rate tripled since the establishment of cancer registry in 1994 [6, 7]. The objective of our study was to estimate CRC survival and determine prognostic factors
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