Abstract
The functions of animal coloration are classically divided into three hypotheses: concealment, communication, and regulation of physiological processes (Caro 2005). In tree squirrels, considerable research has been conducted to phism. Red, brown and black phases are known in the Eurasian red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris, with the frequency of each phase differing among the localities, and the polymorphic balance is stable for many years (Voipio 1969). Wauters et al. (2004) showed that red morphs were common in mixed deciduous forests whereas black morphs were found in alpine forests of dense spruce, which seemed to support a cryptic function. Cryptic functions were experimentally tested for melanism in the fox squirrel, S. niger tor reaction played an important role in maintaining
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