Abstract
The color of transformer oil can be one of the first indicators determining the quality of the transformer oil and the condition of the power transformer. The current method of determining the color index (CI) of transformer oil utilizes a color comparator based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D1500 standard, which requires a human observer, leading to human error and a limited number of samples tested per day. This paper reports on the utilization of ultra violet-blue laser at 405- and 450-nm wavelengths to measure the CI of transformer oil. In total, 20 transformer oil samples with CI ranging from 0.5 to 7.5 were measured at optical pathlengths of 10 and 1 mm. A linear regression model was developed to determine the color index of the transformer oil. The equation was validated and verified by measuring the output power of a new batch of transformer oil samples. Data obtained from the measurements were able to quantify the CI accurately with root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 0.2229 for 405 nm and 0.4129 for 450 nm. This approach shows the commercialization potential of a low-cost portable device that can be used on-site for the monitoring of power transformers.
Highlights
Power transformers are key assets of power utilities that ensure the regulation and distribution of electricity to housing and industrial areas
The results demonstrated that the utilization of a singlewavelength laser diode in the UV-blue wavelength in determining the color index (CI) of transformer oil based on ASTM D1500 can provide better sensitivity up to 0.1 CI
Based on the ASTM D1500 standard, linear regression models were developed to accurately determine the color index of transformer oil using the data obtained from measurements at 405 and 450 nm
Summary
Power transformers are key assets of power utilities that ensure the regulation and distribution of electricity to housing and industrial areas. The mathematical model was used to estimate the chromatic coordinates and the chroma of olive oil based on the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) Lab values This method does not exactly utilize a single-wavelength light source, the concept of measuring color using a single wavelength was exercised. Sanga et al [44] managed to develop an in-line quasi-digital sensor system This system utilizes two single-wavelength light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at 590 and 840 nm to measure the color and turbidity of lubricant oil. The measurement was carried out by using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectrophotometer They developed a mathematical model to determine the color index of transformer insulating oil using UV-visible spectroscopy with reference to the ASTM D1500 standard. The color index is directly proportional to the absorbance value
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