Abstract
The present study comprises two parts, an object picture naming task and rating tasks, and reports naming latencies and norms for 435 color images in Mandarin Chinese. These norms include name agreement (%), H-value, concept agreement, familiarity, visual complexity, age of acquisition (AOA) based on adult ratings, object agreement, viewpoint agreement, word frequency, and word length. We examined correlations between the norms and explored the internal structure among these correlative variables by a factor analysis. Four factors were extracted, which accounted for 74.86% of the total variance. These data were analyzed to identify variables with significant contributions to naming latencies using multiple regression analysis, including norms of name agreement (%), familiarity, word frequency, concept agreement, AOA, and object agreement. These variables explained 54.70% of the total variance of naming latencies. This work presents a new set of photo stimuli and a large set of normalized variables. We expect that this study will provide useful materials for further researches.
Highlights
Images of objects are essential materials in many fields of psychological research, such as visual perception, language, memory, and attention (Schiano and Watkins, 1981; Bonin et al, 2002; Goodale and Westwood, 2004; Filliter et al, 2005; Gomez and Shutter, 2008; Denkinger and Koutstaal, 2014)
Concept agreement was calculated according to the proportion of participants who provided the correct concept, the word length of the dominant name was calculated in numbers of characters, and the target name agreement was calculated based on the concepts from Liu et al (2011)
Since most of the operations in the current study were conducted with reference to previous studies, we compared our norms with these studies to establish the validity for the current study
Summary
Images of objects are essential materials in many fields of psychological research, such as visual perception, language, memory, and attention (Schiano and Watkins, 1981; Bonin et al, 2002; Goodale and Westwood, 2004; Filliter et al, 2005; Gomez and Shutter, 2008; Denkinger and Koutstaal, 2014). A growing number of studies have investigated the contributions of the age of acquisition (AOA) of the object concept to word and picture identification (Juhasz, 2005). Viewpoint agreement has been found to affect object identification and object recognition memory (Bülthoff and Newell, 2006; Gomez and Shutter, 2008). In addition to name agreement, AOA, and viewpoint agreement, other variables that influence cognitive processes include visual complexity and concept familiarity.
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