Colonization activity of Candida clinical isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity

Abstract

Background. The development of fungal infections is associated with immunocompromising of a macroorganism.Aim. To study the colonization activity and resistance of Candida yeast strains isolated from clinical specimens in 2014 and 2019 in Moscow.Materials and methods. Antibiotic sensitivity of 75 strains of the following yeast species was determined by disc-diffuse method: C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, C. krusei (Pichia kudriavzevii), C. intermedia, C. tropicalis, C. lusitaniae (Clavispora lusitaniae), C. guilliermondii (Meyerozyma guilliermondii). In 2014, 34 strains were isolated in people with hypersensitivity history (27 — from the skin, 7 — from the oral mucosa). In 2019, 41 strains were isolated from the vaginal mucosa in people with cancer. Discs with fluconazole (40 pg), nystatin (80 pg), clotrimazole (10 pg), itraconazole (10 pg), amphotericin B (40 pg) were used.Results. Among strains isolated in 2014, colonization activity was detected, in descending order, in C. albicans (23.53%), C. tropicalis (20.59%), C. guilliermondii (20.59%); C. parapsilosis (17.65%), C. glabrata (17.65%); in 2019 — C. parapsilosis (21.95%), C. albicans (17.07%), C. tropicalis (12.19%), C. guilliermondii (12.19%), C. krusei (9.76%), C. glabrata (9.76%), C. lusitaniae (9.76%), C. intermedia (7.32%). The yeasts isolated in 2014 were resistant to all antimicotics except 16.67% strains of C. glabrata (fluconazole) and 14.28% strains of C. tropicalis (nystatin). 11.11% C. parapsilosis and 40% C. tropicalis isolated in 2019 were sensitive to all antimicotics; 71.43% C. albicans, 50% C. glabrata, 20% C. guilliermondii were resistant to fluconazole; 28.57% C. albicans were resistant to nystatin, clotrimazole, intraconazole, amphotericin B; 25% C. glabrata resistant to amphotericin В; C. krusei — were resistant to clotrimazole (100%), fluconazole and nystatin (50%), itraconazole и amphotericin B (25%); C. lusitaniae resistant to fluconazole and nystatin (100%), clotrimazole and amphotericin B (75%), itraconazole (50%).Conclusion. The range of detected species has expanded over five years in the Moscow region due to C. krusei, C. lusitaniae and C. intermedia (26.86% of candidiasis in 2019). Moreover, yeast fungi isolated in 2019 have a high number of resistant strains, compared to fungi isolated in 2014.