Colombian adolescents fail in knowledge regarding HIV and other sexually transmitted infections

Abstract

Abstract Introduction/objective: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) -HIV included- are a major problem in Latin America, mainly in Colombia. In 2021, 17647 cases were reported, which compared to the previous year showed an increase of 29.7%. The main aim of this study was to assess the knowledge regarding HIV and other STIs among the adolescent population in Colombia. Method: A total of 2012 Colombian adolescents between 12-19 years of age participated in this study. The HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Knowledge Scale (KSI), a self-report measure, was administered. The results showed moderate to low general knowledge (M = 9.90, SD = 4.64) regarding HIV and other STIs. Adolescents did not know if a tongue-kiss led to an HIV infection (75%), or whether both the vaginal ring and the IUD were effective methods for preventing HIV/AIDS (82%). Results: Results showed better scores in knowledge regarding HIV transmission (84%), HIV testing (66%), and condom use to prevent HIV infection (71%). Conclusions: Significant differences were observed in HIV/STIs knowledge between both sexes, but the effect magnitudes were small. Thus, these differences were neglected. This study contributes to understanding the state of knowledge and strengthening prevention strategies of professionals linked to the field of quality of life, education, and sexual healthcare in Colombia.