Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) coated with a series of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) ligands appended with four different sulfur-based terminal anchoring groups (monothiol, flexible dithiol, constrained dithiol, disulfide) were prepared to explore how the structures of the sulfur-based anchoring groups affect the colloidal stability in aqueous media. The PEG-coated AuNPs were prepared by ligand exchange of citrate-stabilized AuNPs with each ligand. The colloidal stability of the AuNPs in different harsh environmental conditions was monitored visually and spectroscopically. The AuNPs coated with dithiol- or disulfide-PEG exhibited improved stability under high salt concentration and against ligand replacement competition with dithiothreitol compared with those coated with their monothiol counterpart. Importantly, the ligands with structurally constrained dithiol or disulfide showed better colloidal stability and higher sulfur coverage on the Au surface compared to the ligands with more flexible dithiol and monot...
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