Abstract
<p>Rapid and high-throughput detection of biomarkers plays an important role in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring treatment. Existing diagnostic tools that rely on genetic testing and antibody recognition can provide the required sensitivity and specificity. However, these methods need multiple labeling steps for the signal amplification, which are tedious and time-consuming. To address these issues, self-assembled colloidal superstructures, especially for the nanophotonic structures, exhibit many optical sensing properties in response to external stimuli, which lays the foundation for developing the next-generation biosensors. Herein, we discuss the potential of self-assembled nanophotonic-based biosensors for achieving low-cost, high-sensitive, multiplexed detection of various biomarkers, including nucleic acids, proteins, and exosomes. We conclude the current challenges in optical colloidal biosensors and offer insights into their further advances towards the smart healthcare.</p>
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