Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication and characterization of colloidal crystals constructed from spheroidal building blocks with well-controlled major-to-minor ratios. Such a crystalline lattice was fabricated by infiltrating an opaline lattice of monodispersed polystyrene spheres with an elastomer precursor such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (or PDMS), followed by thermal curing and stretching of the composite film at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of polystyrene. In this process, the polystyrene spheres were transformed into spheroids through viscoelastic deformation, while the long-range order of this three-dimensional lattice was essentially preserved. Because of the low contrast in the refractive index, the colloidal crystal fabricated in the present work exhibited a stop band (rather than a complete band gap) in the optical regime. The position of this stop band was determined by the diameter of the polystyrene spheres and the elongation ratio of the elastomeric composite. Wh...
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