Abstract
Ichthyosisisaninfrequent clinicalentityworldwide(1:300,000births)thatproduces visible scales on all or a great part of the skin surface. The new classification of this weird dermatosis is divided into 36 groups and their subgroups depend on their frequency, heritage and extracutaneus manifestations. Among the autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, we can identify collodion baby, which describes a newborn, preterm most of the time, with a hard, tense, brilliant membrane covering the whole body. In this article we talk about the case of a collodion baby, preterm female newborn of 35 gestational weeks, attended at Hospital General del Sur, Choluteca, Honduras, whose mother had poor prenatal control, not performed by a physician, without obstetric ultrasound during pregnancy. At physical examination the new-born had a constrictive, tense membrane,similar to an oily parchment or collodion that covered the entire body surface,she was given the initial optimum management, but due to lack ofservice in the area of pediatric dermatology, neonatology and genetics, the decision to transfer the newborn to a hospital with a higher level of care was made. In Honduras this case would be the second reported in the country and the first in the southern region of the country.
Highlights
Doctor of Medicine and Surgery, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Honduras.Ichthyosis is an uncommon clinical condition, with a worldwide occurrence of 1: 300,000 births, the incidence of newborns with the clinical phenotype of ichthyosis in Latin America is unknown, but it is estimated to be present in approximately 1: 250,000 newborns; being an uncommon dermatosis
As for neonatal presentations, we find that the collodion are normally born premature, wrapped in a layer that resembles cellophane, usually in association with ectropion and eclabium accompanied by trichothiodystrophy
Among the main complications that can lead to the death of a newborn with ichthyosis, pyoderma, sepsis from respiratory origin or due to an interventional approach, uncontrollable hypothermia, hypernatremia dehydration due to excessive evaporation and transepidermal loss of water are known, the two leading causes of death in these babies are due to prematurity and absence of protective skin function as a barrier [6]
Summary
Doctor of Medicine and Surgery, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Honduras. Among the main complications that can lead to the death of a newborn with ichthyosis, pyoderma, sepsis from respiratory origin or due to an interventional approach, uncontrollable hypothermia, hypernatremia dehydration due to excessive evaporation and transepidermal loss of water are known, the two leading causes of death in these babies are due to prematurity and absence of protective skin function as a barrier [6] These patients are associated with atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis, since the alteration of the skin barrier predisposes them to a greater allergic sensitization [4]. The solutions that are contraindicated in these patients are silver sulfate which is related to agranulocytosis and baths with chlorhexidine because of its toxic potential [3]
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