Abstract
The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of coalescence, disruption, and fragmentation of liquid droplets in multiphase and multicomponent gas-vapor-droplet media. Highly promising approaches are considered to studying the interaction of liquid droplets in gaseous media with different compositions and parameters. A comparative analysis of promising technologies is carried out for the primary and secondary atomization of liquid droplets using schemes of their collision with each other. The influence of a range of factors and parameters on the collision processes of drops is analyzed, in particular, viscosity, density, surface, and interfacial tension of a liquid, trajectories of droplets in a gaseous medium, droplet velocities and sizes. The processes involved in the interaction of dissimilar droplets with a variable component composition and temperature are described. Fundamental differences are shown in the number and size of droplets formed due to binary collisions and collisions between droplets and particles at different Weber numbers. The conditions are analyzed for the several-fold increase in the number of droplets in the air flow due to their collisions in the disruption mode. A technique is described for generalizing and presenting the research findings on the interaction of drops in the form of theoretical collision regime maps using various approaches.
Highlights
Liquid droplets are atomized in many applications
Weber number (We) have summarized the experimental and theoretical research findings on liquid droplet coalescence, disruption, and fragmentation in multiphase and multicomponent gas-vapor-droplet media
The analysis of the known research findings has shown that scientific foundations have been laid for the modern theory of liquid droplet interactions in a gaseous medium
Summary
Liquid droplets are atomized in many applications. In particular, this technology is used for fuel injection into boiler furnaces or combustion chambers of engines, for cooling heat-generating components, as well as in heat and power units, gas turbines, and fire suppression systems. The second stage is used to increase the contact surface area of reagents and liquids, as well as to improve the efficiency and intensity of chemical reactions and phase transformations This stage is about secondary atomization, which can be provided by intensifying various mechanisms and factors. Their choice depends heavily on the required concentration of the gas-vapor-droplet flow and average droplet size. The former is based on recording the conditions, characteristics, and interaction regimes of two droplets (so-called binary droplet collisions). It is important to consider both the phenomenological and statistical approach to studying the conditions and characteristics of liquid droplet atomization
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