Abstract
This paper presents experimental values for the coefficient of restitution (en) for millimeter-sized ice particles colliding with massive walls at different temperatures. Three different wall materials are tested: hardened glass, ice and Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer. The results show a high sensitivity to impact velocity Vi, where en decreases rapidly with increasing Vi. The results also show a decrease in en with increasing temperature T. A novel model that predicts en based on the assumption of collisional melting and viscous damping caused by an increased premelted liquid-layer, is proposed. The model predicts both the velocity and the temperature trends seen in the experiments. The difference obtained in experiments between wall materials is also captured by the new model. A generalized regime map for ice particle collisions is proposed to combine the new model with previous work.
Highlights
Collisions of ice particles are important in many physical systems
We present experimental results that extend the knowledge of ice particle collisions by examining collisions of millimeter-sized ice particles with an ice wall, a hardened glass wall and an Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer wall
In this study we have investigated the damping mechanisms of ice particles that collide with walls, in terms of the coefficient of restitution en
Summary
Collisions of ice particles are important in many physical systems. A deep understanding of these collisions is important to model and predict how systems of ice particles will develop in time. A fundamental understanding of the energy dissipation in collisions between ice particles and massive walls, is an important part of understanding how snow or ice accumulates on surfaces. One of the most extensive works that examines the en for ice particles is by Higa et al [27] Those authors studied spherical ice particles with diameters from 2.8 to 72 mm for a variety of temperatures and impact velocities. We present experimental results that extend the knowledge of ice particle collisions by examining collisions of millimeter-sized ice particles with an ice wall, a hardened glass wall and an ABS polymer wall These walls are interesting because they represent large variations in Young's modulus, and they are common surfaces on vehicles in the automotive industry. We present a regime map of the en for ice particles where we combine our previous work on damping due to van der Waals forces [31] with the expanded collisional model
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