Abstract
Several dynamical systems in nature can be maintained out-of-equilibrium, either through mutual interaction of particles or by external fields. The particle’s transport and the transient dynamics are landmarking of such systems. While single ratchet systems are genuine candidates to describe unbiased transport, we demonstrate here that coupled ratchets exhibit collective transient ratchet transport. Extensive numerical simulations for up to N=1024 elastically interacting ratchets establish the generation of large transient ratchet currents (RCs). The lifetimes of the transient RCs increase with N and decrease with the coupling strength between the ratchets. We demonstrate one peculiar case having a coupling-induced transient RC through the asymmetric destruction of attractors. Results suggest that physical devices built with coupled ratchet systems should present large collective transient transport of particles, whose technological applications are undoubtedly appealing and feasible.
Highlights
Several dynamical systems in nature can be maintained out-of-equilibrium, either through mutual interaction of particles or by external fields
This scenario can be illustrated in a biological system, where the anomalous diffusion of the energy landscape in human chromosomes takes p lace[5], in classical s ystems[6,7,8], where Brownian particles moving in a system driven by thermal fluctuation and external forces that can exhibit anomalous transports, in collective motion and chaotic s tates[9] or turbulent state[10], in active particles[11], in living cells[12,13], in cold atoms[14,15,16] and in quantum systems[17,18,19,20,21,22], to mention a few
It has been shown p reviously[44] that optimal and efficient ratchet currents (RCs) occur when parameters are chosen inside Isoperiodic Stable Structures (ISSs), which are the green, red and yellow structures in Fig. 1 having well-defined borders
Summary
Several dynamical systems in nature can be maintained out-of-equilibrium, either through mutual interaction of particles or by external fields. Such out-of-equilibrium systems can present anomalous (paradoxical) behaviors since the laws of equilibrium thermodynamics no longer possess validity: In special, we mention the anomalous transport phenomena observed in out-of-equilibrium systems in different problems This scenario can be illustrated in a biological system, where the anomalous diffusion of the energy landscape in human chromosomes takes p lace[5], in classical s ystems[6,7,8], where Brownian particles moving in a system driven by thermal fluctuation and external forces that can exhibit anomalous transports, in collective motion and chaotic s tates[9] or turbulent state[10], in active particles[11], in living cells[12,13], in cold atoms[14,15,16] and in quantum systems[17,18,19,20,21,22], to mention a few. The number of first-order differential equations necessary to describe the system increases, and it is possible to find a chaotic dynamic for the p article[29]
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