Abstract
To create conditions which ruled one billionth of a second after the Big Bang, it is necessary to heat and compact the nuclear matter. During the first microseconds after the Big Bang the universe went through such a phase transition at very high temperatures but very low net baryon density. At very high temperatures or densities, the hadrons melt and their constituents, the quarks and gluons, form a new phase of matter, the so called quark-gluon plasma. Relativistic heavy ion collisions aim to create a quark gluon plasma where quarks and gluons can move freely over volumes that are large in comparison to the typical size of a hadron. When the particles collide at high energies, it leads to the conversion of particle collision participants in a much heavier particle. If the energy density is large enough, after a collision occurs the formation of quark-gluon plasma. In the dense nuclear medium, it comes to collective phenomena such as increased production of strangeness, damping charmonium and collective motion of particles. In nuclear medium, it comes to individual collision of quarks, which also hadronize. Using simulation package Pythia, we analyzed the reaction system that results in individual collisions of quarks and antiquarks, and emergence of collective phenomena.
Highlights
The aim of the research programs in the new accelerators is the study of nuclear matter under extreme conditions
The phase diagram has been more researched in the field of low density and high temperature than in the high densities and low temperatures
Large amount of kinetic energy of colliding nuclei is used to create a large number of secondary particles in a small volume. These particles collide often enough to achieve a state of thermal equilibrium and the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) can be formed. In nuclear medium it comes to individual collision of quarks, which hadronize
Summary
The aim of the research programs in the new accelerators is the study of nuclear matter under extreme conditions. LHC1 the exploration of systems at higher temperatures and lower baryonic densities will be continued These conditions existed in the early Universe when it suffered a phase transition from a quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter in the first microseconds after the Big Bang [1]. Large amount of kinetic energy of colliding nuclei is used to create a large number of secondary particles in a small volume These particles collide often enough to achieve a state of thermal equilibrium and the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) can be formed. In nuclear medium it comes to individual collision of quarks, which hadronize. The spectrum of particles from that moment is seen with detector [7]
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