Abstract
Collagen (COL) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) are the major components of bone, therefore, COL-HAp composites have been widely used as bone substitutes to promote bone regeneration. We have reported that HAp-CaO fibers (HANFs), which were fabricated by a sol-gel route followed by an electrospinning technique, possessed good drug-loading efficiency and limited the burst release of tetracycline. In the present study, we used HANF fragments to evaluate the effects of COL-HANF scaffolds on MG63 osteoblast-like cell behaviors. COL-HANF composite scaffolds in which the average diameter of HANFs was approximately 461 ± 186 nm were fabricated by a freeze-drying process. The alkaline phosphatase activity and the protein expression levels of OCN and BSP showed that compared with COL alone, the COL-HANF scaffold promoted the differentiation of MG63 osteoblast-like cells. In addition, the bone regeneration ability of the COL-HANF scaffold was examined by using a rabbit condylar defect model in vivo. The COL-HANF scaffold was biodegradable and promoted bone regeneration eight weeks after the operation. Hence, we concluded that the COL-HANF scaffold has potential as a bone graft for bone tissue engineering.
Highlights
Tissue engineering interconnects many disciplines, such as materials science, bioengineering, molecular and cell biology, and clinical medicine, to develop functional alternatives for impaired tissues [1]
BSP and OCN protein expression on the COL and COL-HANF scaffolds was observed by immunofluorescence staining of MG63 osteoblast-like cells
These results demonstrated that the COL-HANF scaffold possessed better bone regeneration
Summary
Tissue engineering interconnects many disciplines, such as materials science, bioengineering, molecular and cell biology, and clinical medicine, to develop functional alternatives for impaired tissues [1]. Three-dimensional scaffolds are prepared to support cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation for bone tissue engineering [3]. Bone graft substitutes, such as autologous bone grafts, allogeneic bone grafts and synthetic bone grafts, have been used for the treatment of large bone defects caused by congenital diseases, injuries, or trauma [4]. Kim noted that bioglass nanofiber-COL composites exhibited excellent bioactivity in vitro and promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in osteoblastic cells [18]. Hsu found that a mesoporous bioactive glass nanofiber-COL scaffold provided a suitable environment for attachment to the cytoskeleton and promoted the differentiation and mineralization of MG63 osteoblast-like cells [19]. The capacity of the COL-HANF scaffold to support in vivo bone regeneration and reconstruction was evaluated in a condylar bone defect model
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