Collaborative Design of Multi-UAV Trajectory and Resource Scheduling for 6G-Enabled Internet of Things

Abstract

The 6th generation (6G) communication envisions a highly integrated network where aerial vehicles connect satellites and terrestrial systems. As low altitude vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is able to quickly establish wireless networks without resorting to terrestrial infrastructure. Due to strong invulnerability, synergistic cooperation and flexible scheduling, the multi-UAV communication system can significantly improve system performance through collaboratively designing multi-UAV trajectory and radio resource scheduling. This article proposes a multi-UAV wireless powered communication (WPC) system for 6G-enabled Internet of Things (IoT). Specifically, each time slot is split into uplink and downlink subslot. In the downlink subslot, multiple UAVs dispatched as aerial communication platforms transfer energy to multiple IoT users. In the uplink subslot, the association between UAVs and users is designed, and then the scheduled user uploads data to the specific UAV by using the harvested energy. According to the proposed system, we propose a collaborative scheme of multi-UAV trajectory optimization and resource scheduling. By synergistically optimizing UAV-user association, subslot duration, user transmit power, and multi-UAV trajectory, we maximize the minimum average achievable rate among all users. Particularly, the nonconvex optimization problem can be efficiently figured out by an alternative iteration algorithm proposed in this article. Finally, numerical results show that our design can not only optimize multi-UAV flight path, but also achieve higher objective value than benchmark schemes.