Abstract
The pandemic Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) carrying plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr genes has emerged worldwide causing extraintestinal infections, with lineages belonging to three major clades (A, B, and C). Clade B is the most prevalent in animals, contaminating associated meat products, and can be transmitted zoonotically. However, the blaCTX–M–15 gene has only been associated with C2 subclade so far. In this study, we performed a genomic investigation of an E. coli (strain S802) isolated from a kale crop in Brazil, which exhibited a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile to clinically significant antimicrobials (i.e., polymyxin, broad-spectrum cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones). Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that the S802 strain belonged to serotype O25:H4, ST131/CC131, phylogenetic group B2, and virotype D5. Furthermore, S802 carried the clade B-associated fimH22 allele, genes encoding resistance to clinically important antimicrobials, metals, and biocides, and was phylogenetically related to human, avian, and swine ST131-H22 strains. Additionally, IncHI2-IncQ1, IncF [F2:A-:B1], and ColE1-like plasmids were identified harboring mcr-1.1, blaCTX–M–15, and qnrB19, respectively. The emergence of the E. coli ST131-H22 sublineage carrying mcr-1.1, blaCTX–M–15, and qnrB19 in agricultural soil represents a threat to food and environmental safety. Therefore, a One Health approach to genomic surveillance studies is required to effectively detect and limit the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes.
Highlights
The rapid spread of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr genes has gained worldwide attention as a critical public health issue, since colistin is a last resort antimicrobial used to treat severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria (Perez et al, 2016; Tsuji et al, 2019).mcr-1-Positive E. coli From SoilCurrently, epidemiological studies have shown that the spread of colistin-resistant mcr-positive bacteria is not a concern restricted to hospitals, and represents a growing problem involving environmental and food safety
Epidemiological studies have shown that the spread of colistin-resistant mcr-positive bacteria is not a concern restricted to hospitals, and represents a growing problem involving environmental and food safety
MDR mcr-1-Positive ESBL-Producing E. coli Isolated From Agricultural Soil
Summary
Epidemiological studies have shown that the spread of colistin-resistant mcr-positive bacteria is not a concern restricted to hospitals, and represents a growing problem involving environmental and food safety In this regard, various factors such as environmental sources, food-producing animals, international travel, and food trade, have accelerated the worldwide spread of mcr-type genes at the human-animalenvironment interface (Liu et al, 2016; Hassan and Kassem, 2020; Johura et al, 2020). Various factors such as environmental sources, food-producing animals, international travel, and food trade, have accelerated the worldwide spread of mcr-type genes at the human-animalenvironment interface (Liu et al, 2016; Hassan and Kassem, 2020; Johura et al, 2020) In this context, the pandemic Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) carrying mcr-type genes has emerged causing extraintestinal infections (Liu et al, 2018; Mamani et al, 2019; Reid et al, 2019; Li et al, 2021). The most prevalent animal ST131 strains belong to the ST131-H22 sublineage and can be transmitted zoonotically, presenting a public health challenge (Liu et al, 2018; Roer et al, 2019; Saidenberg et al, 2020)
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