Abstract
Background and Aim:Coleus amboinicus (CA) plants are known to exert antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and demonstrate antiproliferative effects against cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the activity of CA extract on the expression of transforming growth factor-1β (TGF-1β) in cisplatin-induced nephropathy in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods:CA was obtained from fresh leaves of CA and was extracted using 96% ethanol maceration. This blinded, controlled, randomized post-test study assigned 24 Wistar rats to three groups (n=8). Negative controls received normal saline (P0), nephropathy was induced in rats by cisplatin (5 mg/kg, IP) (P1), and treated with ethanolic coleus extract (500 mg/kg, PO) (P2), respectively, for 7 days. Nephropathy was induced on the 4th day. All rats were sacrificed on the 8th day for blood and kidney sample collection. Concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase were analyzed using colorimetric analysis. A semi-quantitative analysis was performed on sectioned kidneys to determine the numbers of positive cells for TGF-1β expression and to evaluate structural and functional alterations in the kidneys using histopathological and immunohistochemical staining.Results:The concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase from blood samples in the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). Morphological evaluation of the tubular interstitium and glomeruli revealed that necrotic, degenerating, and infiltration of cells significantly decreased in the treatment group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The mean immunostaining scores indicating the presence of TGF-1β were 7.8 in the ethanolic coleus extract group, 3 in the induction group, and 2.3 in the control group. The expression scores for TGF-β1 were significantly different between the ethanolic coleus extract treatment and control group (p<0.05).Conclusion:Our results suggest that in Wistar rats with cisplatin-induced nephropathy, CA extract inhibits pathological lesions by regulating the renal expression of TGF-1β in areas containing the renal tubules and glomeruli.
Highlights
Nephropathy is acute kidney failure characterized by varied lesions in glomerulosclerosis, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, mesangial cell proliferation, decreased glomerular filtration rate, high persistent albuminuria, high arterial blood pressure, and fluid retention
The mean immunostaining scores indicating the presence of transforming growth factor-1β (TGF-1β) were 7.8 in the ethanolic coleus extract group, 3 in the induction group, and 2.3 in the control group
This study aimed to investigate the activity of Coleus amboinicus (CA) extract on the renal expression of transforming growth factor-1β (TGF-1β) in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with cisplatin-induced nephropathy
Summary
Nephropathy is acute kidney failure characterized by varied lesions in glomerulosclerosis, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, mesangial cell proliferation, decreased glomerular filtration rate, high persistent albuminuria, high arterial blood pressure, and fluid retention. Cisplatin is a drug of choice for treating various types of cancer, including sarcomas and carcinomas [1,2,3], but is often associated with nephrotoxic side effects. A previous study revealed that a single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg) caused nephropathy in 6-7 days and was associated with an increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum albumin levels in rats. This study aimed to investigate the activity of CA extract on the expression of transforming growth factor-1β (TGF-1β) in cisplatin-induced nephropathy in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
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