Colestasis intrahepática del embarazo. Un reto más para la obstetricia

Abstract

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, is the most common specific liver disorder during pregnancy, it is a multifactorial condition that appears in genetically susceptible women and, it is mainly characterized by palmoplantar itching predominantly at night. Its importance lies in the considerable fetal morbidity and mortality. Although the treatment is simple, we must know how to make the diagnosis. Objective: To carry out an updated and detailed review of the national and international bibliography of etiology, diagnostic tests, treatment, perinatal results, and their association with other pregnancy pathologies. Methodology: A search of the literature published in English and Spanish was conducted in databases such as PubMed / MEDLINE, Ovid, MD Consult, and others, using the keywords: intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, perinatal adverse effects, preeclampsia, tween pregnancy. articles were selected from the obtained, which were classified and used as support to carry out this review. Results: An update regarding the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is provided, to act as a clinical guide for healthcare professionals. Conclusion: This disease is an important entity to diagnose in order to avoid the fetal adverse effects that implies., tThe main limitation is the lack of determination of serum bile acid levels in our country, therefore, clinical suspicion becomes the most useful tool for diagnosis and early treatment. Keywords: Intrahepatic cholestasis; pregnancy; bile acids; perinatal adverse outcomes.