Abstract
Thaumatotibia leucotreta is of phytosanitary importance, and this paper addresses mitigating measures to reduce the risk of its introduction with fresh avocado fruit into importing countries. Apply...
Highlights
Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major pest occurring on fruit trees and crops in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian Ocean islands situated off the continent (Newton, 1998; Reed, 1974; Van den Berg, 2001)
Anthony Brian Ware PhD (Rhodes) Pr Nat Sc is a South African entomologist stationed in the Lowveld region of South Africa where he is a director of a small research company (AgriBiotech Research consultancies) and an associate researcher with the local Mpumalanga University
Both had an upper confidence limit of 16.6 d. Based on these results a 20 d cold treatment was used for the large-scale validation trials using 11-d-old larvae
Summary
Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major pest occurring on fruit trees and crops in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian Ocean islands situated off the continent (Newton, 1998; Reed, 1974; Van den Berg, 2001). It is present on southern African tropical and sub-tropical cultivated fruit crops such as citrus (Grout & Moore, 2015) and avocado (Persea americana (Mill.) Lauraceae) in all production areas (Erichsen & Schoeman, 1994; Grové, 2001; Grové, De Beer, & Joubert, 2010).
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