Abstract
Due to its strong ionic conductivity, doped ceria has been employed as an electrolyte in medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell applications. For the first time, we demonstrated the feasibility of cold sintering high-density Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC)@Na2CO3 composite electrolytes with Na2CO3 as a shell at temperatures less than 200 °C. The effects of Na2CO3 and water content on cold-sintered samples’ relative density, microstructure, and ionic conductivity were examined. The core-shell structure is significant in densification, but water addition has an opposite effect. The bulk and grain-boundary conductivities of cold-sintered SDC@Na2CO3 electrolytes were studied at 350−700 °C and analyzed in detail based on carbonate and water effects. This work presents a significant and scalable method for synthesizing dense solid electrolytes by forming a core-shell structure by cold sintering.
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