COLD LOGISTICS AS A COMPONENT OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEMS IN PORT CITIES

Abstract

Abstract.Cold logistics in the modern world is gaining more and more relevance. The development of international trade and the globalization of the economy contribute to an increase in the volume of transportation of goods that require special storage and transportation conditions. Cold logistics originated in the pharmaceutical industry, now more and more goods require a special temperature regime - agricultural products, fish and meat products, etc. Also, in connection with the growing popularity of a healthy lifestyle and increasing awareness of the importance of proper nutrition, the demand for fresh vegetables and fruits is actively growing. This presents new tasks and requirements for the cold logistics system.Changes in temperature regimes, increased air humidity levels, and other factors can negatively impact the quality and safety of products during transportation. Therefore, addressing these issues requires the implementation of innovative technologies and logistics management strategies aimed at ensuring stability and safety of supplies.As a result of the conducted research, it was found that cold logistics represents an important field of logistics specializing in effectively maintaining temperature conditions during the storage and transportation of products. This sector plays a key role in ensuring the safety, quality, and freshness of food products, especially those prone to rapid spoilage.Recently, there has been a trend towards consolidation of cold supply chains. Understanding the essence of cold logistics and the peculiarities of the transportation organization in the cold chain are important aspects for ensuring the efficiency and reliability of logistics processes.This article examines theoretical approaches to defining the concept of "cold logistics", investigates the characteristic features of cold logistics, provides a characterization of "fresh" and "frozen" category goods, identifies factors stimulating and restraining the development of the cold logistics market, and explores the interaction of participants in cold supply chains in transport and logistics systems of port cities.Keywords: cold logistics, transport and logistics system, port cities, supply chain