Abstract
Abstract In vitro shoot cultures of MM 106 apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and ‘Smoky’ saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) that were subjected to a 10-week, short-photoperiod, low-temperature hardening treatment, including a −3°C exposure followed by 5-7 days at 2°, were 4-8° hardier than untreated shoot cultures. Apple shoot cultures grown on media with elevated sucrose concentrations (3-14%), but not subjected to acclimating conditions, had reduced shoot moisture content and increased up to 6° in hardiness. Apple and saskatoon shoot cultures given a short-photoperiod, low-temperature hardening treatment and apple cultures grown on medium containing a high sucrose level developed red and purple leaf coloration.
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