Cold Characteristics of Overmoded Ridge- and Groove-Loaded Folded Waveguides for High-Power Traveling Wave Tubes

Abstract

The TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sub> high-order mode operation characteristics of the ridge-loaded (RL) and groove-loaded (GL) folded waveguide slow wave structures (FWG SWSs) with two electron beam channels are studied for high-power traveling wave tubes (TWTs) at the terahertz (THz) frequency regime. Operating in a higher order mode means that the SWSs can have larger structure dimensions to reduce the fabrication difficulty at the THz frequency band and use higher current to increase the output power. For FWG SWSs operating in the high-order mode, it is difficult to suppress backward wave oscillation (BWO) of fundamental mode. In this article, we proposed the RL and GL FWG SWSs to suppress BWO and studied the dispersion, coupling impedance, and transmission loss of them. The results show that the RL structure can substantially increase the start oscillation length of the interaction circuit and avoid using many circuit sections for spurious mode depression which ease the assembly process of the tube. The GL structure can broaden the bandwidth with high-order mode operation but with the ease of BWO of fundamental mode. The straight RL and GL waveguides are used to explain the above results, and the effect of electron beam channel position on coupling impedance is also studied.