Colchicine-Induced Trait Variations in Azuki Bean (Vigna angularis)

Abstract

Seeds of Jinnong 6 variety of azuki bean were soaked in 0.2% and 0.4% concentration of colchicines for 12 hours, respectively. The plant survival rates in M1 generation were 26.7% and 3.5%, and the variation rates were 1.24% and 1.59%, by which it was demonstrated that the higher the concentrations of colchicines, the lower the plant survival rate, and the greater the variation frequence.. The treatment of the 0.2% concentration of colchicines for 12h was optimal for the mutation of azuki bean, while more variation types were generated in the treatment of the 0.4% concentration. Compared with the control group, average number of seed per plant and 100-seed weight of between control and M 2 generation with colchicine treatment showed significant difference at 5% and 1% levels, respectively; 100-seed weight of M 3 generation had significant difference at 1% level. Three excellent lines with dominantly higher yield were gained. 263 mutants of leaf color, leaf shape, stem twining, more branch number, black pod, yellow-white seed, light red and deep seed color, large seed and late maturing in M 3 generation were obtained. The variations of leaf shape involved sword, small heart-shaped leaf and kidney leaves. The variations of leaf color included dark green, light green, yellowing and yellow spot. Early-maturing mutants were earlier from 10 to 15 days and late-maturing mutants were later from 7 to 10 days than the control. The traits of sprawl, yellow-white seed, higher plant mutant can be steadily inherited in M 4 . The traits of kidney leaf , small heart-shape, sword leaf mutants are mostly inherited, Some mutants of glave kidney leaf in M 3 separated sword, kidney, heart-shape leaves in M 4 .