Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) may affect up to 25% of the population, with almost 70% of these TMD cases developing malpositioning of the disc over time in what is known as internal derangement (ID). Despite significant efforts, the molecular mechanism underlying disease progression is not yet very well known. In this study, the role of COL12A1 rs970547 and rs240736 polymorphisms as potential genetic factors regulating ID was investigated. The study included 124 Caucasian patients of both sexes after disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR) in either one or two temporomandibular joints (TMJs), either of which meet the criteria for this condition. All patients underwent clinical examination and 3D digital imaging. The COL12A1 rs970547 and rs240736 polymorphisms were evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences in the chi-square test between the study group and healthy controls. The examined COL12A1 rs240736 and rs970547 polymorphisms do not contribute to DDwoR in Polish Caucasians.
Highlights
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex, bilateral structure that allows the mandible to move in three different directions
The articular disc in the TMJ plays an inessential role in jaw kinematics and comprises the fibrocartilage, while the extracellular matrix (ECM) of this disc mostly comprises a collagenous network of mainly collagen type I and III, elastin fibers, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and proteoglycans [1]
We considered the genetic role of the COL12A1 gene rs970547 and rs240736 expression as a potential cause of disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR) expression
Summary
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex, bilateral structure that allows the mandible to move in three different directions It consists of the articular surfaces of the temporal bone, the mandibular condyle, articular fibrocartilaginous disc, joint capsule, and ligaments. The molecular mechanism underlying disease progression is not yet very well known It seems that ID strongly correlates with TMJ osteoarthritis (OA) as a symptom or a contributing factor in a later stage of TMD, affecting mostly older patients. A displaced TMJ disc can be reduced at an earlier stage; it is likely to transform into a non-reducing form over a few weeks
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